Thursday

How to let our kids enjoy their childhood

Recently many parents have written to the new education minister complaining that primary schools are too stressful for children, and that kids cannot have a happy childhood under the current system.

I remember that when I was in primary one, we started by learning A, B, C. Now kids are expected to know how to read very well in English before they enter P1 : What to expect in primary one

Honestly, I do not believe that anything will be done to change our education system.

However, I believe that our kids can still enjoy their childhood and at the same time do well in our education system.

I have 2 children, my boy is in P1, and my girl is in P2, both are studying in a neighbourhood primary school. We actually do not feel stressful under the current system. My kids still have quite a lot of time to play every day, after completing their homework. I do not need to make them spend many hours doing assessment books every day. They do not have any tuition or enrichment classes. I am happy with their results in school.

The most important factor that allows my kids to enjoy their childhood is this: they were taught to read well in English by the time they turned five. They can read and understand long English novels like Charlotte's Web before the age of 7. Thanks to effective methods, I only spend fewer than 30 minutes a day teaching them, starting when they're 4 years old. They spend most of their time playing freely.

Both my kids can also read long Chinese novels confidently by P1 :

Now in primary school, they only need to spend very little time learning English and Chinese. My kids already know how to spell the words in their spelling list without the need to practise writing them, thanks to their good foundation in phonics. They spend fewer than 15 minutes every day writing the Chinese words for their Ting Xie. They spend more time learning Maths, but I mostly ask them to do Maths assessments only during weekends.

I believe that we can make education very enjoyable for children, and it all depends on the parents, not the teachers in schools. Parents have to understand what is the most effective method to teach children. Between the ages of 3 to 6, instead of forcing kids to do tons of assessment books or practice writing many words eveyday, we should focus on teaching kids to read independently, in both English and Chinese. This can be easily done without sacrificing their childhood.

The 'acquisition of a normal language,' he writes, 'is guaranteed for children up to the age of six, is steadily compromised from then until shortly after puberty, and is rare thereafter'.

When kids are able to read confidently, learning becomes very easy for them.

In fact, my boy has shown me that learning can be very fun and enjoyable. With the ability to read independently since 5 years old, he can spend a few hours a day reading Children's Encyclopedia like these :



He also borrows non-fiction books from his school library :

My boy is of average ability, his attention span used to be less than 5 minutes when he was about 4 years old, and he required more than 20 repetitions in order to remember new words. Now he regularly amazes me by telling me many facts from the books. He learns all these knowledge because of his own interest and initiatives, all I have done is to leave many books around for him. I have never forced him to read Children's Encylopedia. He likes to talk about what he has learned from the books to me, and he is always so enthusiastic. This shows that learning can be very interesting for kids, so long as we do not confine their learning to only school textbooks and assessment books.

I know that my boy's general knowledge is probably not going to translate into perfect grades in school, because what he likes to learn is outside of the MOE syllabus. However, I am willing to continue to nurture his love for acquiring knowledge, instead of making him do many assessment books in order to get perfect grades.

Besides the ability to read, the development of fine motor skills is the next most important skill which is essential for good handwriting.

Instead of making my kids practise writing everyday before 6 years old, I let them play with toys like Lego, ZOOB, K'NEX, LAQ, etc. All these construction toys are excellent for developing fine motor skills and creativity. These toys also train my boy to focus for longer periods of time, and improve his problem solving skills.

Here is a model of a fruit juice blender built by my boy using K'NEX. He learned about how gears work.


My boy also enjoys playing with LAQ :

My boy also likes Origami, another excellent hobby for developing fine motor skills and improving attention span.

His handwriting used to be quite bad when he was 4 to 5 years old, now that he is in P1, his handwriting is quite neat. I did not have to make him practice writing everyday, instead, he spends lots of time playing with the above toys on his own.

My older girl enjoys beading, playing with air-dry clay, sewing, and paper crafts. We used to let her pick up small red beans when she was about 18 months old. She has been writing her own stories since before she turned 5 years old.

Unlike other kids who spend most of their childhood attending enrichment classes and doing assessment books, my kids will remember that they spent most of their childhood playing with toys and reading books that they love.

Finally, if we want our children to really enjoy their childhood, parents must learn to manage their expectations. We should not punish our kids if they do not do well academically, instead, we should always praise and reward our kids for their efforts.


Sunday

How to encourage a child to write

Here are two compositions written by my girl when she was in primary one.






Click on the image to read :

My girl started to write just before she turned 5 years old, take a look at the cute little stories that she wrote :

She enjoys writing, and she often writes short stories on her own initiative. I have never consciously taught her how to write. I have never asked her to practice writing the same words many times.

Here is what I have done :

1. I taught both my kids to read very well. They read long novels like Charlotte's Web, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, etc, when they were 5 years old. I started by teaching them phonics when they were about 3 years old :

At the same time, I taught them sight words using the Ladybird Peter and Jane series:

2. After my kids have completed the Ladybird Peter and Jane series, both of them continued to read many wonderful children's classics like these :

Since they read regularly, they have no problem with sentence structures. They naturally know what sounds right, since they have been reading so many good books. If parents just let kids read whatever they like, they will read only books like Beast Quest, Rainbow Magic Fairies, etc. Kids can read hundreds of such books and still cannot write well.
I give my kids the freedom to read whatever they like. But everyday, I ask them to read out loud from a good book of my choice. I choose wonderful books written by the great authors like E.B. White, Lewis Carroll, C.S. Lewis,Roald Dahl, A. A. Milne, L. Frank Baum, etc, so that my kids can learn the best writing style.

3. Phonics is essential for writing. My kids are strong in phonics, and they are able to spell many words using phonics techniques. There is no need for them to practice writing a word many times.

4. I have lots of pencils and pieces of paper around, so my kids can draw and write whenever they feel like it.

5. I give my kids the freedom to write whatever they want. I give my kids ideas like writing letters, cards, shopping lists, packing lists, recipes, and even the rules of games. Later, they begin to write little stories on their own, whenever they feel inspired. My girl likes to draw and write recipes like these :


6. I did not make my kids practice the same words many times a day. Instead, they spend most of their time playing with toys like Lego, ZOOB, Knex, etc. My girl likes to make jewelry using tiny beads, and my boy likes origami. All these toys and hobbies are excellent for developing fine motor skills. Once a child's fine motor skills are well developed, he will naturally write well. By the age of 6, both my kids are writing very neatly.

7. I did not ask my kids to do assessment books before the age of 6. The best way to learn to write, is not by doing assessment books. In fact, if a child is trained to do assessment books since 4 years old, then he will only be trained to write the model answers. He will slowly lose the ability to write imaginatively.

8. I try to let my kids experience different things, like riding a pony, swinging on the flying trapeze, taking a longtail boat to an uninhabited island, feeding fish on a natural beach, walking in the snow, baking cupcakes, etc. I believe that children write best, when they write about their real life experiences.

9. Allow lots of time for free play and daydreaming. If a child spends all his time doing tons of assessment books and attending enrichment classes, then he will have no time to think creatively, and he will lose this ability as he grows older.
"daydreaming is actually an important element of the creative process, allowing the brain to remix ideas, explore counterfactuals and turn the spotlight of attention inwards. "

How to motivate your child to read

Most parents recognize the importance of reading books. But we all face the challenge of how to motivate our kids to read on their own.

Both my kids are able to read long English chapter books by their 5th birthday, and they enjoy reading books. I believe that all kids can develop a love for reading, if parents use effective methods.

1. The very first step is to make sure that your kids can read very fluently. All kids like to do things that are very easy to them. If a child struggles when he reads, because there are many words that he does not know how to read, then he will hate reading.
I taught my kids phonics and sight words using the Peter and Jane series at the same. The results are amazing. Read these pages :

I started teaching them at about 3 years old, both of them finish reading Peter and Jane books 11 and 12 before 5 years old. At that time they were able to read a page of about 200 words in 3 to 5 mins.

2. Even after your child has completed Peter and Jane book 11 or 12, you should continue to spend time reading together with your child every day.

The Children's Reading Foundation in USA advises all parents to spend 20 minutes everyday :
"Just 20 minutes a day reading aloud with young children strengthens relationships, encourages listening and language skills, promotes attention and curiosity, and establishes a strong reading foundation. These skills are essential for success in school and in life."

Also read this page about the benefits of reading with your kids :

In my case, since both my kids can read very well, I ask them to read out loud to me everyday. Both of them have finished reading many English chapter books (each of a few hundred pages), and they read every word out loud to me. In this way, I can make sure that they are reading every word correctly, since there are many words in English that are not phonetic. I can also make sure that they really understand what they are reading, by discussing or acting out the story with them. My 6 year old boy's attention span has also improved a lot by reading out loud to me everyday.

Nowadays, after they have read the first chapter, they are eager to find out what happens next, so they will finish reading the entire book on their own. My P1 girl will pick up thick novels like the BFG by Roald Dahl, and finish reading over 1 or 2 days, reading silently on her own. My 6 year old boy likes to read children's encyclopedia on his own.


3. It is important to find books that kids are interested in. For example, my younger boy likes non-fiction books, while my girl likes fantasy and humorous story books.
You may have heard other people suggesting that you just bring your kids to the library. The fact is that there are hundreds of books in the library, and many books are very boring. It is not easy to find a really good book that can truly captivate a child. Parents should can do research to find the best books. One good resource is www.amazon.com. A book that has many 5 star reviews is definitely worth reading. I have found many wonderful books at amazon.com, then I either borrow from the library, or buy them from amazon.

4. If a child is not willing to read on his own, my advise is to give him books that are below his reading level. For example, if a child is reading Peter and Jane level 6, then give him books that are equivalent to level 3 or 4. Kids will find these books very easy to read and are more motivated to read them.

5. Also, note that a 5 year old child may be able to finish reading Peter and Jane book 11, but his level of understanding is still that of a 5 year old. He may not be able to understand books that have complex plots. So he should still read books suitable for 5 year old kids. Give him books with lots of text, and lots of beautiful pictures, these will help him understand that story. All the books in this page can be understood by kids age 4 to 6 years old :

If you find that your child is able to understand books that have more complicated plots, then you can give her books meant for older kids :


6. Parents should show interest in reading books too ! I actually have not read many of the children's classics that my kids are reading. So whenever I received a book (from amazon) or borrowed a book from the library, I will read the book first. My hubby reads the children's books too. Then we often discuss about interesting parts of the book in front of the kids. This is an excellent way to get them interested in the book.
If parents only turn on the TV or sit in front of the computer, then kids will also prefer to do the same, instead of reading books.

7. I limit TV to 1 hour a day. My kids do not have any handheld electronic games. They can use the computer only for a short time during the weekends. A child who spends hours playing PSP will have no interest in reading books. Even when you take away the PSP, he will still be thinking about it.
My kids have lots of toys like Lego, ZOOB, Geotrax, etc, these are good toys that can help develop their creativity and fine motor skills, and they don't get addicted to these toys. So when they are bored with the toys, they will read books.

8. Surround kids with books at home ! I have over 500 children's books at home. My kids like to read the same books over and over again, so it is really a good investment.

9. Reward your child for reading ! When my kids were younger, I gave some small rewards everyday, like watching their favourite DVD (we only have Leapfrog and Little Einstein DVDs which are very educational) for 30 mins after they have read, or a small piece of sweet, or a trip downstairs to the playground. They each get a bigger reward when they complete a book of a few hundred pages, like stickers, or an outing (which I have already planned to go, but on condition that they must finish reading) .
After many months, reading has become a routine to them, so they don't need any daily rewards anymore. But I still give them a small reward when they finish reading a long English novel, because they have made me very happy.

Thursday

Children's books about hardship and survival

I always believe that reading is not only about learning grammar and vocabulary so as to get high marks in exams. More importantly, children can learn about good morals and values, life experiences and a wide variety of knowledge by reading good books.

Many children in Singapore are not motivated to study, because they have never experienced hunger before. They take it for granted that their parents will always be around to take care of them. I want my kids to read children's books about hardship and survival, so that they learn to be grateful for what they have.

I just finished reading this wonderful book :
Meindert Dejong (Author) Maurice Sendak (Illustrator)


I highly recommend this book for all kids above the age of 9, and for all adults. For younger kids, it is best for parents to read it with them.

The story is about a young Chinese boy Tien Pao who was separated from his parents during the Japanese invasion of China. With only his pig for company, Tien Pao had to fight for his own survival. He faced starvation and had to eat leaves to survive. He witnessed other young children who were so hungry that they ate mud. Tien Pao rescued an American airman from the Japanese, and he was lucky to be brought to the barracks where sixty American soldiers took care of him, becoming his sixty fathers. But Tien Pao longed to be united with his father and mother.

Tien Pao is one of the strongest characters in all the children's books that I have read. I admired him for the fact that even though he knew that he would have a life of poverty and hunger with his parents, he still wanted to return to them instead of living in comfort with his sixy American fathers. Children learn about the value of the family, and that no amount of money can replace the love of their parents. I also liked that the fact that no matter how hungry Tien Pao was, he never thought of eating his little pig which he regarded as his real friend. In fact, he fought hard to keep his pig from being eaten by other hungry people.

Many of our grandparents and relatives in China may have encountered the same hardship as Tien Pao and the Chinese people in the book. So this book is excellent for teaching our children about what our forefathers had suffered.

I also like the writing style of the author, Meindert DeJong. His style is very simple and straightforward. His work clearly shows that substance is much more important than style.

Here is a very good review of the book :
Meindert DeJong is one of the great authors at writing interesting, emotionally involved stories for younger readers, using the kind of uncomplicated sentence structures that have universal appeal while also serving as a superb introduction to fine literature. (Source)


Here is another good book about hardship and courage :
The Courage of Sarah Noble
Alice Dalgliesh (Author) Leonard Weisgard (Illustrator)


This book is recommended for all kids above 4 years old.

In 1707, 8 year old Sarah Noble and her father traveled through the wilderness to build a new home for their family. Although Sarah had a few brothers and sisters, she was the only one who volunteered to travel with her father to cook for him. They had to survive in the wilderness, living in a cave while Sarah's father built the home. When the new home was completed, Sarah's father had to travel back to fetch Sarah's mother and siblings. Sarah had to stay with a native Indian family while waiting for her father to return. She developed a love for the native Indians who took care of her.

This Newbery honor book is based on a true story. The writing is beautiful, but very easy for young children to understand. Although this story was written a few hundred years ago, I find that it is still relevant in the multi-racial society of Singapore today. The book teaches children that we must respect people of different races and live in harmony. The book also teaches children to help their parents through difficult times.

Other good books about hardship :
Laura Ingalls Wilder (Author) Garth Williams (Illustrator)

Carlo Collodi (Author) Roberto Innocenti (Illustrator)

Read my blog about other good books that teach important lessons :

All the books are available in the National Library.

Here is a guide of how to teach your child to read and be well prepared for primary one.

Monday

What to expect in Primary One

When I was in primary one many years ago, the teacher only started to teach A, B, Cs. Many of my classmates did not go to kindergarten.

Kindergarten is still not compulsory now. But children are expected to know so much more before entering primary school.

My girl studies in a neighbourhood primary school in Jurong West. The school is using the Stellar program, which means that they use story books to teach English. Kids are not allowed to bring the story books back home. I asked the teacher and she showed me the story books in the classroom. The books are very simple, only one sentence of 5 to 6 words a page.

However, the school's English workbooks are not easy. The following photo shows a page from the workbook. A primary one child is expected to be able to read and understand a passage like this as early as February.
The child is expected to know how to answer these questions :


The following photo shows a question from the Maths workbook. Kids are expected to read and understand questions like this by March.

It takes a lot of time for kids to learn how to read this well. In order to read at this level, I believe that kids have to start learning the language no later than 3 years old. In fact, most parents start to send their kids to pre-schools from as young as 18 months old.

It is entirely possible to teach a child to read very well at home. In fact, no enrichment classes and pre-schools can promise this type of standards. Parents are the best teachers !



The following is a guide.

One to two years old :
First Step - Teaching A B C
It is very important for the child to know all the 26 phonics letter sounds very well. Do not rush the child, give him enough time to learn. My boy was only learning the 26 letters before he turned 3 years 3 months old.
At the same time, develop a love of books :
Wonderful books for kids from birth to 3 years old


Three to Four years old :
The child can start to learn phonics :
How to teach phonics
When the child knows how to join 3 letters to form a word, you must start teaching sight words using the Key Words (Peter and Jane) series :
Key Words with Ladybird

Five to Six years old :
Both my kids completed the Peter and Jane book 11 and 12 before they turned 5 years old. By then they are able to read long English novels. The child must continue to read out loud everyday, even after completing the Peter and Jane series. Parents should continue to choose good books that interest the kids :

Reading confidently at a very young age
Developing a love for reading
The importance of reading books

Note that every child progresses at a different pace, here is a guide :


If a child can complete the Peter and Jane book 6a and 6b before entering primary one, he is already very well prepared.

Teaching a child to read very well at a very young age, is not only about preparing for primary school. You are teaching the child the most valuable skill that will be essential for lifelong learning.